Monday, October 24, 2016


Pete Burns: Dead or Alive singer dies aged 57

Dead or Alive singer Pete Burns has died aged 57 after suffering a cardiac arrest, his management has said.
A statement on Twitter said it was with "greatest sadness" that it had to break the "tragic news" that Burns died suddenly on Sunday.
Burns had a hit with You Spin Me Round in 1985 and appeared on Celebrity Big Brother in 2006.
The management statement said: "All of his family and friends are devastated by the loss of our special star."
It continued: "He was a true visionary, a beautiful talented soul, and he will be missed by all who loved and appreciated everything he was and all of the wonderful memories he has left us with."

'Great true eccentric'

Burns appeared on reality television shows Celebrity Wife Swap and The Body Shocking Show in recent years.
Politician George Galloway, who was on Celebrity Big Brother with Burns, tweeted: "Sad to hear of the demise of Pete Burns. He was a cross between Oscar Wilde and Dorothy Parker. You don't get more brilliant than that. RIP".




Stars paid tribute to the singer on Twitter, with Boy George saying: "Tearful about the passing of @PeteBurnsICON he was one of our great true eccentrics and such a big part of my life! Wow. Hard to believe!"
Celebrity Big Brother presenter Davina McCall said: "So so sad to hear about Pete Burns... we partied hard in the 90s... RIP Pete x"
Ordinary Boys frontman Preston, who also appeared on Celebrity Big Brother with Burns, said: "Heartbroken to hear about Pete Burns. He was a true punk rocker and one of the kindest hearts I've ever know. Gutted."

Sunday, October 23, 2016


Best 'Vampire Diaries' Quotes from the Season 8 Premiere
Best 'Vampire Diaries' Quotes from the Season 8 Premiere
Meredith Jacobs
Meredith Jacobs
Contributing Writer, BuddyTV

Wednesday, October 19, 2016

history of halloween




Introduction

Straddling the line between fall and winter, plenty and paucity, life and death, Halloween is a time of celebration and superstition. It is thought to have originated with the ancient Celtic festival of Samhain, when people would light bonfires and wear costumes to ward off roaming ghosts. In the eighth century, Pope Gregory III designated November 1 as a time to honor all saints and martyrs; the holiday, All Saints’ Day, incorporated some of the traditions of Samhain. The evening before was known as All Hallows’ Eve and later Halloween. Over time, Halloween evolved into a secular, community-based event characterized by child-friendly activities such as trick-or-treating. In a number of countries around the world, as the days grow shorter and the nights get colder, people continue to usher in the winter season with gatherings, costumes and sweet treats.
 

Ancient Origins of Halloween    

Halloween’s origins date back to the ancient Celtic festival of Samhain (pronounced sow-in). The Celts, who lived 2,000 years ago in the area that is now Ireland, the United Kingdom and northern France, celebrated their new year on November 1. This day marked the end of summer and the harvest and the beginning of the dark, cold winter, a time of year that was often associated with human death. Celts believed that on the night before the new year, the boundary between the worlds of the living and the dead became blurred. On the night of October 31 they celebrated Samhain, when it was believed that the ghosts of the dead returned to earth. In addition to causing trouble and damaging crops, Celts thought that the presence of the otherworldly spirits made it easier for the Druids, or Celtic priests, to make predictions about the future. For a people entirely dependent on the volatile natural world, these prophecies were an important source of comfort and direction during the long, dark winter.

To commemorate the event, Druids built huge sacred bonfires, where the people gathered to burn crops and animals as sacrifices to the Celtic deities. During the celebration, the Celts wore costumes, typically consisting of animal heads and skins, and attempted to tell each other’s fortunes. When the celebration was over, they re-lit their hearth fires, which they had extinguished earlier that evening, from the sacred bonfire to help protect them during the coming winter.
By 43 A.D., the Roman Empire had conquered the majority of Celtic territory. In the course of the four hundred years that they ruled the Celtic lands, two festivals of Roman origin were combined with the traditional Celtic celebration of Samhain. The first was Feralia, a day in late October when the Romans traditionally commemorated the passing of the dead. The second was a day to honor Pomona, the Roman goddess of fruit and trees. The symbol of Pomona is the apple and the incorporation of this celebration into Samhain probably explains the tradition of “bobbing” for apples that is practiced today on Halloween.
On May 13, 609 A.D., Pope Boniface IV dedicated the Pantheon in Rome in honor of all Christian martyrs, and the Catholic feast of All Martyrs Day was established in the Western church. Pope Gregory III (731–741) later expanded the festival to include all saints as well as all martyrs, and moved the observance from May 13 to November 1. By the 9th century the influence of Christianity had spread into Celtic lands, where it gradually blended with and supplanted the older Celtic rites. In 1000 A.D., the church would make November 2 All Souls’ Day, a day to honor the dead. It is widely believed today that the church was attempting to replace the Celtic festival of the dead with a related, but church-sanctioned holiday. All Souls Day was celebrated similarly to Samhain, with big bonfires, parades, and dressing up in costumes as saints, angels and devils. The All Saints Day celebration was also called All-hallows or All-hallowmas (from Middle English Alholowmesse meaning All Saints’ Day) and the night before it, the traditional night of Samhain in the Celtic religion, began to be called All-hallows Eve and, eventually, Halloween.
Celebration of Halloween was extremely limited in colonial New England because of the rigid Protestant belief systems there. Halloween was much more common in Maryland and the southern colonies. As the beliefs and customs of different European ethnic groups as well as the American Indians meshed, a distinctly American version of Halloween began to emerge. The first celebrations included “play parties,” public events held to celebrate the harvest, where neighbors would share stories of the dead, tell each other’s fortunes, dance and sing. Colonial Halloween festivities also featured the telling of ghost stories and mischief-making of all kinds. By the middle of the nineteenth century, annual autumn festivities were common, but Halloween was not yet celebrated everywhere in the country.
In the second half of the nineteenth century, America was flooded with new immigrants. These new immigrants, especially the millions of Irish fleeing Ireland’s potato famine of 1846, helped to popularize the celebration of Halloween nationally. Taking from Irish and English traditions, Americans began to dress up in costumes and go house to house asking for food or money, a practice that eventually became today’s “trick-or-treat” tradition. Young women believed that on Halloween they could divine the name or appearance of their future husband by doing tricks with yarn, apple parings or mirrors.
In the late 1800s, there was a move in America to mold Halloween into a holiday more about community and neighborly get-togethers than about ghosts, pranks and witchcraft. At the turn of the century, Halloween parties for both children and adults became the most common way to celebrate the day. Parties focused on games, foods of the season and festive costumes. Parents were encouraged by newspapers and community leaders to take anything “frightening” or “grotesque” out of Halloween celebrations. Because of these efforts, Halloween lost most of its superstitious and religious overtones by the beginning of the twentieth century.
By the 1920s and 1930s, Halloween had become a secular, but community-centered holiday, with parades and town-wide parties as the featured entertainment. Despite the best efforts of many schools and communities, vandalism began to plague Halloween celebrations in many communities during this time. By the 1950s, town leaders had successfully limited vandalism and Halloween had evolved into a holiday directed mainly at the young. Due to the high numbers of young children during the fifties baby boom, parties moved from town civic centers into the classroom or home, where they could be more easily accommodated. Between 1920 and 1950, the centuries-old practice of trick-or-treating was also revived. Trick-or-treating was a relatively inexpensive way for an entire community to share the Halloween celebration. In theory, families could also prevent tricks being played on them by providing the neighborhood children with small treats. A new American tradition was born, and it has continued to grow. Today, Americans spend an estimated $6 billion annually on Halloween, making it the country’s second largest commercial holiday.
The American Halloween tradition of “trick-or-treating” probably dates back to the early All Souls’ Day parades in England. During the festivities, poor citizens would beg for food and families would give them pastries called “soul cakes” in return for their promise to pray for the family’s dead relatives. The distribution of soul cakes was encouraged by the church as a way to replace the ancient practice of leaving food and wine for roaming spirits. The practice, which was referred to as “going a-souling” was eventually taken up by children who would visit the houses in their neighborhood and be given ale, food, and money.
The tradition of dressing in costume for Halloween has both European and Celtic roots. Hundreds of years ago, winter was an uncertain and frightening time. Food supplies often ran low and, for the many people afraid of the dark, the short days of winter were full of constant worry. On Halloween, when it was believed that ghosts came back to the earthly world, people thought that they would encounter ghosts if they left their homes. To avoid being recognized by these ghosts, people would wear masks when they left their homes after dark so that the ghosts would mistake them for fellow spirits. On Halloween, to keep ghosts away from their houses, people would place bowls of food outside their homes to appease the ghosts and prevent them from attempting to enter.
Halloween has always been a holiday filled with mystery, magic and superstition. It began as a Celtic end-of-summer festival during which people felt especially close to deceased relatives and friends. For these friendly spirits, they set places at the dinner table, left treats on doorsteps and along the side of the road and lit candles to help loved ones find their way back to the spirit world. Today’s Halloween ghosts are often depicted as more fearsome and malevolent, and our customs and superstitions are scarier too. We avoid crossing paths with black cats, afraid that they might bring us bad luck. This idea has its roots in the Middle Ages, when many people believed that witches avoided detection by turning themselves into cats. We try not to walk under ladders for the same reason. This superstition may have come from the ancient Egyptians, who believed that triangles were sacred; it also may have something to do with the fact that walking under a leaning ladder tends to be fairly unsafe. And around Halloween, especially, we try to avoid breaking mirrors, stepping on cracks in the road or spilling salt.
But what about the Halloween traditions and beliefs that today’s trick-or-treaters have forgotten all about? Many of these obsolete rituals focused on the future instead of the past and the living instead of the dead. In particular, many had to do with helping young women identify their future husbands and reassuring them that they would someday—with luck, by next Halloween—be married. In 18th-century Ireland, a matchmaking cook might bury a ring in her mashed potatoes on Halloween night, hoping to bring true love to the diner who found it. In Scotland, fortune-tellers recommended that an eligible young woman name a hazelnut for each of her suitors and then toss the nuts into the fireplace. The nut that burned to ashes rather than popping or exploding, the story went, represented the girl’s future husband. (In some versions of this legend, confusingly, the opposite was true: The nut that burned away symbolized a love that would not last.) Another tale had it that if a young woman ate a sugary concoction made out of walnuts, hazelnuts and nutmeg before bed on Halloween night she would dream about her future husband. Young women tossed apple-peels over their shoulders, hoping that the peels would fall on the floor in the shape of their future husbands’ initials; tried to learn about their futures by peering at egg yolks floating in a bowl of water; and stood in front of mirrors in darkened rooms, holding candles and looking over their shoulders for their husbands’ faces. Other rituals were more competitive. At some Halloween parties, the first guest to find a burr on a chestnut-hunt would be the first to marry; at others, the first successful apple-bobber would be the first down the aisle.
Of course, whether we’re asking for romantic advice or trying to avoid seven years of bad luck, each one of these Halloween superstitions relies on the good will of the very same “spirits” whose presence the early Celts felt so keenly.

history of halloween


History of Halloween
History.com
    • October 19, 2016

Introduction

Straddling the line between fall and winter, plenty and paucity, life and death, Halloween is a time of celebration and superstition. It is thought to have originated with the ancient Celtic festival of Samhain, when people would light bonfires and wear costumes to ward off roaming ghosts. In the eighth century, Pope Gregory III designated November 1 as a time to honor all saints and martyrs; the holiday, All Saints’ Day, incorporated some of the traditions of Samhain. The evening before was known as All Hallows’ Eve and later Halloween. Over time, Halloween evolved into a secular, community-based event characterized by child-friendly activities such as trick-or-treating. In a number of countries around the world, as the days grow shorter and the nights get colder, people continue to usher in the winter season with gatherings, costumes and sweet treats.
 

Ancient Origins of Halloween    
Halloween’s origins date back to the ancient Celtic festival of Samhain (pronounced sow-in). The Celts, who lived 2,000 years ago in the area that is now Ireland, the United Kingdom and northern France, celebrated their new year on November 1. This day marked the end of summer and the harvest and the beginning of the dark, cold winter, a time of year that was often associated with human death. Celts believed that on the night before the new year, the boundary between the worlds of the living and the dead became blurred. On the night of October 31 they celebrated Samhain, when it was believed that the ghosts of the dead returned to earth. In addition to causing trouble and damaging crops, Celts thought that the presence of the otherworldly spirits made it easier for the Druids, or Celtic priests, to make predictions about the future. For a people entirely dependent on the volatile natural world, these prophecies were an important source of comfort and direction during the long, dark winter.
To commemorate the event, Druids built huge sacred bonfires, where the people gathered to burn crops and animals as sacrifices to the Celtic deities. During the celebration, the Celts wore costumes, typically consisting of animal heads and skins, and attempted to tell each other’s fortunes. When the celebration was over, they re-lit their hearth fires, which they had extinguished earlier that evening, from the sacred bonfire to help protect them during the coming winter.
By 43 A.D., the Roman Empire had conquered the majority of Celtic territory. In the course of the four hundred years that they ruled the Celtic lands, two festivals of Roman origin were combined with the traditional Celtic celebration of Samhain. The first was Feralia, a day in late October when the Romans traditionally commemorated the passing of the dead. The second was a day to honor Pomona, the Roman goddess of fruit and trees. The symbol of Pomona is the apple and the incorporation of this celebration into Samhain probably explains the tradition of “bobbing” for apples that is practiced today on Halloween.
On May 13, 609 A.D., Pope Boniface IV dedicated the Pantheon in Rome in honor of all Christian martyrs, and the Catholic feast of All Martyrs Day was established in the Western church. Pope Gregory III (731–741) later expanded the festival to include all saints as well as all martyrs, and moved the observance from May 13 to November 1. By the 9th century the influence of Christianity had spread into Celtic lands, where it gradually blended with and supplanted the older Celtic rites. In 1000 A.D., the church would make November 2 All Souls’ Day, a day to honor the dead. It is widely believed today that the church was attempting to replace the Celtic festival of the dead with a related, but church-sanctioned holiday. All Souls Day was celebrated similarly to Samhain, with big bonfires, parades, and dressing up in costumes as saints, angels and devils. The All Saints Day celebration was also called All-hallows or All-hallowmas (from Middle English Alholowmesse meaning All Saints’ Day) and the night before it, the traditional night of Samhain in the Celtic religion, began to be called All-hallows Eve and, eventually, Halloween.
Celebration of Halloween was extremely limited in colonial New England because of the rigid Protestant belief systems there. Halloween was much more common in Maryland and the southern colonies. As the beliefs and customs of different European ethnic groups as well as the American Indians meshed, a distinctly American version of Halloween began to emerge. The first celebrations included “play parties,” public events held to celebrate the harvest, where neighbors would share stories of the dead, tell each other’s fortunes, dance and sing. Colonial Halloween festivities also featured the telling of ghost stories and mischief-making of all kinds. By the middle of the nineteenth century, annual autumn festivities were common, but Halloween was not yet celebrated everywhere in the country.
In the second half of the nineteenth century, America was flooded with new immigrants. These new immigrants, especially the millions of Irish fleeing Ireland’s potato famine of 1846, helped to popularize the celebration of Halloween nationally. Taking from Irish and English traditions, Americans began to dress up in costumes and go house to house asking for food or money, a practice that eventually became today’s “trick-or-treat” tradition. Young women believed that on Halloween they could divine the name or appearance of their future husband by doing tricks with yarn, apple parings or mirrors.
In the late 1800s, there was a move in America to mold Halloween into a holiday more about community and neighborly get-togethers than about ghosts, pranks and witchcraft. At the turn of the century, Halloween parties for both children and adults became the most common way to celebrate the day. Parties focused on games, foods of the season and festive costumes. Parents were encouraged by newspapers and community leaders to take anything “frightening” or “grotesque” out of Halloween celebrations. Because of these efforts, Halloween lost most of its superstitious and religious overtones by the beginning of the twentieth century.
By the 1920s and 1930s, Halloween had become a secular, but community-centered holiday, with parades and town-wide parties as the featured entertainment. Despite the best efforts of many schools and communities, vandalism began to plague Halloween celebrations in many communities during this time. By the 1950s, town leaders had successfully limited vandalism and Halloween had evolved into a holiday directed mainly at the young. Due to the high numbers of young children during the fifties baby boom, parties moved from town civic centers into the classroom or home, where they could be more easily accommodated. Between 1920 and 1950, the centuries-old practice of trick-or-treating was also revived. Trick-or-treating was a relatively inexpensive way for an entire community to share the Halloween celebration. In theory, families could also prevent tricks being played on them by providing the neighborhood children with small treats. A new American tradition was born, and it has continued to grow. Today, Americans spend an estimated $6 billion annually on Halloween, making it the country’s second largest commercial holiday.
The American Halloween tradition of “trick-or-treating” probably dates back to the early All Souls’ Day parades in England. During the festivities, poor citizens would beg for food and families would give them pastries called “soul cakes” in return for their promise to pray for the family’s dead relatives. The distribution of soul cakes was encouraged by the church as a way to replace the ancient practice of leaving food and wine for roaming spirits. The practice, which was referred to as “going a-souling” was eventually taken up by children who would visit the houses in their neighborhood and be given ale, food, and money.
The tradition of dressing in costume for Halloween has both European and Celtic roots. Hundreds of years ago, winter was an uncertain and frightening time. Food supplies often ran low and, for the many people afraid of the dark, the short days of winter were full of constant worry. On Halloween, when it was believed that ghosts came back to the earthly world, people thought that they would encounter ghosts if they left their homes. To avoid being recognized by these ghosts, people would wear masks when they left their homes after dark so that the ghosts would mistake them for fellow spirits. On Halloween, to keep ghosts away from their houses, people would place bowls of food outside their homes to appease the ghosts and prevent them from attempting to enter.
Halloween has always been a holiday filled with mystery, magic and superstition. It began as a Celtic end-of-summer festival during which people felt especially close to deceased relatives and friends. For these friendly spirits, they set places at the dinner table, left treats on doorsteps and along the side of the road and lit candles to help loved ones find their way back to the spirit world. Today’s Halloween ghosts are often depicted as more fearsome and malevolent, and our customs and superstitions are scarier too. We avoid crossing paths with black cats, afraid that they might bring us bad luck. This idea has its roots in the Middle Ages, when many people believed that witches avoided detection by turning themselves into cats. We try not to walk under ladders for the same reason. This superstition may have come from the ancient Egyptians, who believed that triangles were sacred; it also may have something to do with the fact that walking under a leaning ladder tends to be fairly unsafe. And around Halloween, especially, we try to avoid breaking mirrors, stepping on cracks in the road or spilling salt.
But what about the Halloween traditions and beliefs that today’s trick-or-treaters have forgotten all about? Many of these obsolete rituals focused on the future instead of the past and the living instead of the dead. In particular, many had to do with helping young women identify their future husbands and reassuring them that they would someday—with luck, by next Halloween—be married. In 18th-century Ireland, a matchmaking cook might bury a ring in her mashed potatoes on Halloween night, hoping to bring true love to the diner who found it. In Scotland, fortune-tellers recommended that an eligible young woman name a hazelnut for each of her suitors and then toss the nuts into the fireplace. The nut that burned to ashes rather than popping or exploding, the story went, represented the girl’s future husband. (In some versions of this legend, confusingly, the opposite was true: The nut that burned away symbolized a love that would not last.) Another tale had it that if a young woman ate a sugary concoction made out of walnuts, hazelnuts and nutmeg before bed on Halloween night she would dream about her future husband. Young women tossed apple-peels over their shoulders, hoping that the peels would fall on the floor in the shape of their future husbands’ initials; tried to learn about their futures by peering at egg yolks floating in a bowl of water; and stood in front of mirrors in darkened rooms, holding candles and looking over their shoulders for their husbands’ faces. Other rituals were more competitive. At some Halloween parties, the first guest to find a burr on a chestnut-hunt would be the first to marry; at others, the first successful apple-bobber would be the first down the aisle.
Of course, whether we’re asking for romantic advice or trying to avoid seven years of bad luck, each one of these Halloween superstitions relies on the good will of the very same “spirits” whose presence the early Celts felt so keenly.


Halloween Facts

40 Spooky Facts about Halloween

By Karin Lehnardt, Senior Writer
Published August 20, 2016Updated October 13, 2016
 
  • Because the movie Halloween (1978) was on such a tight budget, they had to use the cheapest mask they could find for the character Michael Meyers, which turned out to be a William Shatner Star Trek mask. Shatner initially didn’t know the mask was in his likeness, but when he found out years later, he said he was honored.[8]
  • The first Jack O’Lanterns were actually made from turnips.[5]
  • Halloween is the second highest grossing commercial holiday after Christmas.[6]
  • The word “witch” comes from the Old English wicce, meaning “wise woman.” In fact, wiccan were highly respected people at one time. According to popular belief, witches held one of their two main meetings, or sabbats, on Halloween night.[7]
  • It sometimes presents itself with related phobias, such as phasmophobia (the fear of ghosts), wiccaphobia (the fear of witchcraft), and nyctophobia (the fear of darkness)
  • Samhainophobia is the fear of Halloween.[1]
  • Fifty percent of kids prefer to receive chocolate candy for Halloween, compared with 24% who prefer non-chocolate candy and 10% who preferred gum.[1]
  • The owl is a popular Halloween image. In Medieval Europe, owls were thought to be witches, and to hear an owl's call meant someone was about to die.[7]
  • According to Irish legend, Jack O’Lanterns are named after a stingy man named Jack who, because he tricked the devil several times, was forbidden entrance into both heaven and hell. He was condemned to wander the Earth, waving his lantern to lead people away from their paths.[7]
  • The largest pumpkin ever measured was grown by Norm Craven, who broke the world record in 1993 with a 836 lb. pumpkin.[2]
  • Stephen Clarke holds the record for the world’s fastest pumpkin carving time: 24.03 seconds, smashing his previous record of 54.72 seconds. The rules of the competition state that the pumpkin must weigh less than 24 pounds and be carved in a traditional way, which requires at least eyes, nose, ears, and a mouth.[4]
  • Trick-or-treating evolved from the ancient Celtic tradition of putting out treats and food to placate spirits who roamed the streets at Samhain, a sacred festival that marked the end of the Celtic calendar year.[4]
  • “Souling” is a medieval Christian precursor to modern-day trick-or-treating. On Hallowmas (November 1), the poor would go door-to-door offering prayers for the dead in exchange for soul cakes.[5]
  • The first known mention of trick-or-treating in print in North America occurred in 1927 in Blackie, Alberta, Canada.[4]
  • Cats have a prominent place in Halloween folklore and decor
  • With their link to the ancient Celtic festival of Samhain (a precursor to Halloween) and later to witches, cats have a permanent place in Halloween folklore. During the ancient celebration of Samhain, Druids were said to throw cats into a fire, often in wicker cages, as part of divination proceedings.[7]
  • “Halloween” is short for “Hallows’ Eve” or “Hallows’ Evening,” which was the evening before All Hallows’ (sanctified or holy) Day or Hallowmas on November 1. In an effort to convert pagans, the Christian church decided that Hallowmas or All Saints’ Day (November 1) and All Souls’ Day (November 2) should assimilate sacred pagan holidays that fell on or around October 31.[5]
  • Black and orange are typically associated with Halloween. Orange is a symbol of strength and endurance and, along with brown and gold, stands for the harvest and autumn. Black is typically a symbol of death and darkness and acts as a reminder that Halloween once was a festival that marked the boundaries between life and death.[7]
  • Ireland is typically believed to be the birthplace of Halloween.[6]
  • Scarecrows, a popular Halloween fixture, symbolize the ancient agricultural roots of the holiday.[7]
  • Halloween has variously been called All Hallows’ Eve, Witches Night, Lamswool, Snap-Apple Night, Samhaim, and Summer’s End.[4]
  • Halloween was influenced by the ancient Roman festival Pomona, which celebrated the harvest goddess of the same name. Many Halloween customs and games that feature apples (such as bobbing for apples) and nuts date from this time. In fact, in the past, Halloween has been called San-Apple Night and Nutcrack Night.[6]
  • Because Protestant England did not believe in Catholic saints, the rituals traditionally associated with Hallowmas (or Halloween) became associated with Guy Fawkes Night. England declared November 5th Guy Fawkes Night to commemorate the capture and execution of Guy Fawkes, who co-conspired to blow up the Parliament in 1605 in order to restore a Catholic king.[5]
  • Harry Houdini (1874-1926) was one of the most famous and mysterious magicians who ever lived. Strangely enough, he died in 1926 on Halloween night as a result of appendicitis brought on by three stomach punches.[4]
  • Looking in a mirror at midnight on Halloween was thought to reveal a boyfriend's face
  • Scottish girls believed they could see images of their future husband if they hung wet sheets in front of the fire on Halloween. Other girls believed they would see their boyfriend’s faces if they looked into mirrors while walking downstairs at midnight on Halloween.[7]
  • According to tradition, if a person wears his or her clothes inside out and then walks backwards on Halloween, he or she will see a witch at midnight.[7]
  • Mexico celebrates the Days of the Dead (Días de los Muertos) on the Christian holidays All Saints’ Day (November 1) and All Souls’ Day (November 2) instead of Halloween. The townspeople dress up like ghouls and parade down the street.[4]
  • During the pre-Halloween celebration of Samhain, bonfires were lit to ensure the sun would return after the long, hard winter. Often Druid priests would throw the bones of cattle into the flames and, hence, “bone fire” became “bonfire.”[6]
  • Dressing up as ghouls and other spooks originated from the ancient Celtic tradition of townspeople disguising themselves as demons and spirits. The Celts believed that disguising themselves this way would allow them to escape the notice of the real spirits wandering the streets during Samhain.[6]
  • The National Retail Federation expects consumers in 2010 to spend $66.28 per person—which would be a total of approximately $5.8 billion—on Halloween costumes, cards, and candy. That’s up from $56.31 in 2009 and brings spending back to 2008 levels.[1]
  • About half of children prefer to receive chocolate on Halloween
  • In 1970, a five-year-old boy Kevin Toston allegedly ate Halloween candy laced with heroin. Investigators later discovered the heroin belonged to the boy’s uncle and was not intended for a Halloween candy.[5]
  • In 1974, eight-year-old Timothy O’Bryan died of cyanide poisoning after eating Halloween candy. Investigators later learned that his father had taken out a $20,000 life insurance policy on each of his children and that he had poisoned his own son and also attempted to poison his daughter.[5]
  • According to the National Retail Federation, 40.1% of those surveyed plan to wear a Halloween costume in 2010. In 2009, it was 33.4%. Thirty-three percent will throw or attend a party.[1]
  • In 2010, 72.2% of those surveyed by the National Retail Federation will hand out candy, 46.3% will carve a pumpkin, 20.8% will visit a haunted house, and 11.5% will dress up their pets.[1]
  • Halloween is thought to have originated around 4000 B.C., which means Halloween has been around for over 6,000 years.[5]
  • Teng Chieh or the Lantern Festival is one Halloween festival in China. Lanterns shaped like dragons and other animals are hung around houses and streets to help guide the spirits back to their earthly homes. To honor their deceased loved ones, family members leave food and water by the portraits of their ancestors.[4]
  • Halloween celebrations in Hong Kong are known as Yue Lan or the “Festival of the Hungry Ghosts” during which fires are lit and food and gifts are offered to placate potentially angry ghosts who might be looking for revenge.[4]
  • In many countries, such as France and Australia, Halloween is seen as an unwanted and overly commercial American influence.[4]
  • Chances of children being in a pedestrian/car accident more than double on Halloween
  • Children are more than twice as likely to be killed in a pedestrian/car accident on Halloween than on any other night.[4]
  • Both Salem, Massachusetts, and Anoka, Minnesota, are the self-proclaimed Halloween capitals of the world.[4]
  • Boston, Massachusetts, holds the record for the most Jack O’Lanterns lit at once (30,128).[3]
  • The Village Halloween parade in New York City is the largest Halloween parade in the United States. The parade includes 50,000 participants and draws over 2 million spectators.[4]
  •  
     
     
       
       
       

      Property Brothers is a Canadian reality television series that is produced by Cineflix. It airs on W Network in Canada and HGTV in the United States. The series features identical twin brothers Jonathan Scott and Drew Scott (born April 28, 1978) who help home buyers to purchase and renovate "fixer-uppers."
      Drew and Jonathan Scott also have several other shows: Brother vs Brother, Buying and Selling, and Property Brothers at Home in addition to Off Topic with the Scott Brothers, a 13-week, 60-minute lifestyle radio series which aired on Corus Radio. Drew is a real estate expert who scouts neglected houses and negotiates the purchases. His brother, Jonathan, is a licensed contractor who renovates houses. Together, the Property Brothers help families find, buy, and transform fixer-uppers into dream homes on a strict time-line and budget.
      Each episode starts with the brothers showing potential home-buyers a house with everything on their wish list, which tends to be over their budget. Afterwards, the brothers show them fixer-uppers usually with potential to become their dream home. After the buyers narrow it down to two houses, the brothers use computer-generated imagery to reveal their re-imagined vision of the home after renovations.
      The show has a condensed time-line of the renovations. Typical of home improvement shows with an accelerated renovation format, the brothers have three experienced crews work on the house to finish in the 4–7 week timeline. They work with real project budgets set out by the buyers. The buyers own the property and pay for the remodeling, but the show is able to provide about $20,000 to $25,000 worth of furnishings.

      Jonathan Scott, a licensed contractor, and Drew Scott, a real estate agent, have managed real estate holdings for nearly 15 years. In 2004, they founded Scott Real Estate, Inc., a company that oversees the sales and construction of residential and commercial projects, with offices in Vancouver, Calgary, and Las Vegas.
      Drew and Jonathan started buying and renovating property when they were teenagers.  They bought their first house when they were 18 years old. After renovations, they sold it a year later for a $50,000 profit, while attending university.  However, before going into real estate as a profession, the brothers tried acting. Both Jonathan and Drew appeared on the Canadian television show Breaker High. Drew had a role on Smallville and Jonathan was on the X-Files.[10] The two also did improvisational comedy and Jonathan became an illusionist. They decided to go back to school for construction and design. Their business soon grew and they were approached to do the television show.
      Both brothers are licensed real estate agents. Drew was licensed in early 2004 and continues to be a licensed agent with Keller Williams Elite in British Columbia. Jonathan became a licensed agent in Las Vegas when they founded their firm that same year. But for the show, Drew is shown as the real estate agent and Jonathan as the contractor.
      They founded Dividian Production Group in 2002 with their older brother JD. They live in Las Vegas.  Both brothers stand tall at 6' 5

      Monday, August 15, 2016






      Self-help health guru shares tips


      Recently, a growing group of people gathered at The Barista to hear local self-help health guru Geoff Goheen speak and answer questions about how a person can become healthier and more fit.
      Recently, a growing group of people gathered at The Barista to hear local self-help health guru Geoff Goheen speak and answer questions about how a person can become healthier and more fit. He was also autographing his book "Self Health Guide: How to heal yourself through diet, exercise and hands-on therapies."
      Goheen started his professional career in Pueblo as a personal trainer. He had been interested in developing his physique since he was 14 and small for his age. He attended school in Cheraw, where there are a lot of big, healthy farm kids.
      He got his start pulling weeds, an avocation a lot of us have these days, with the recent rains and hot weather. Rick Blackford gave him a job at the Fitness Center he ran at the time. He continued his self-education at the gym and entered the Colorado Institute of Massage Therapy, specializing in neuromuscular massage, at 19. Since then he has taught health and massage classes at the local college, and has also run his own business working with terminally ill people in cancer centers as well as home settings.
      For seven years, he worked in the area of mental health at the Colorado Boys Ranch. Since the ranch closed, for the past four years he has been working at RESADA, a regional rehabilitation center. He is convinced that the mind and body can work together to heal a person, employing massage techniques, a healthy diet and appropriate exercise.
      He said mental suggestion controls the body. Talk to people you want to be like. He likes to mix eastern methods with western methods and has great confidence in disciplines such as yoga. Learn from people. Associate with people who practice good physical and mental health. He said sometimes people get interested in health when they get older, and it is never too late.
      The oldest form of healing is aroma therapy, which was used 5,000 years ago, all over the world, associated with herbs, acupuncture and oils. Everything needs to be in balance in your diet: acidity level, proteins and an adequate level of calories. To reduce stress, relax and apply techniques of relaxation which are pleasant for you.
      Cheryl Lindner agreed that sometimes everyday life produces lots of stress and is sometimes overwhelming. Goheen said that is true, and a good thing is to change slowly, make adjustments slowly. Stay fluid; identify the situations that cause stress in your life. Focussing on your breathing will help increase the oxygen to your brain and help you deal with stress.
      Goheen has observed in his present position that detoxifying the body often helps mental health issues go away. Raising the serotonin level in the body with exercise will help, too, but increase exercise levels slowly.
      He answered questions and also autographed his book, which is written cleanly and simply, full of good examples which make his points clear.

      Wednesday, August 10, 2016

      Getting ready for Halloween

      Idea #1
      Picture of Awesome halloween corpse for less than 3 bucks
      I love Halloween , almost as much as Christmas !  So I love decorating and making my house look really scary.  I have so many ideas of what i want , but most of the time, they are way out of my price range or i just wouldn't pay for something i thought i could make.

      Instructables has SO many Great ideas, i hope i can add to that.

      also i went to a Halooween store aroudn where i live, and Oh My ! , the store looked liek a haunted house.

      this corpse i made was inspired by the store, and very easy to make. Took me about an hour to gather materials and put it together .


      Lets get started !

      Step 1: Gather supplies

      Picture of Gather supplies
      All you'll need for this is :

      Newspaper / flyers

      String / twine

      and Garbage Bags

      ( well and scissors to cut the twine of course)

      * duck tape is optional, for larger bodies

      Sunday, August 07, 2016


      11 Proven Health Benefits of Chia Seeds

      Woman Holding Something in Her HandsChia seeds are among the healthiest foods on the planet.
      They are loaded with nutrients that can have important benefits for your body and brain.
      Here are 11 health benefits of chia seeds that are supported by human studies.

      1. Chia Seeds Deliver a Massive Amount of Nutrients With Very Few Calories

      Chia seeds are tiny black seeds from the plant Salvia Hispanica, which is related to the mint.
      This plant grows natively in South America.
      Chia seeds were an important food for the Aztecs and Mayans back in the day.
      They prized them for their ability to provide sustainable energy… in fact, “chia” is the ancient Mayan word for “strength.”
      Despite their ancient history as a dietary staple, only recently did chia seeds become recognized as a modern day superfood.
      In the past few years, they have exploded in popularity and are now consumed by health conscious people all over the world.
      This is what chia seeds look like:
      Chia Seeds In A Bowl
      Don’t be fooled by the size… these tiny seeds pack a powerful nutritional punch.
      A 1 ounce (28 grams) serving of chia seeds contains (1, 2):
      • Fiber: 11 grams.
      • Protein: 4 grams.
      • Fat: 9 grams (5 of which are Omega-3s).
      • Calcium: 18% of the RDA.
      • Manganese: 30% of the RDA.
      • Magnesium: 30% of the RDA.
      • Phosphorus: 27% of the RDA.
      • They also contain a decent amount of Zinc, Vitamin B3 (Niacin), Potassium, Vitamin B1 (Thiamine) and Vitamin B2.
      This is particularly impressive when you consider that this is just a single ounce, which supplies only 137 calories and one gram of digestible carbohydrate!
      Just so that we’re all on the same page, 1 ounce equals 28 grams, or about 2 tablespoons.
      Interestingly… if you subtract the fiber, which may not end up as usable calories for the body, chia seeds only contain 101 calories per ounce.
      This makes them one of the world’s best sources of several important nutrients, calorie for calorie.
      To top things off, chia seeds are a “whole grain” food, are usually grown organically, are non-GMO and naturally free of gluten.
      Bottom Line: Despite their tiny size, chia seeds are among the most nutritious foods on the planet. They are loaded with fiber, protein, Omega-3 fatty acids and various micronutrients.

      2. Chia Seeds Are Loaded With Antioxidants

      Chia Seeds in Glass Bowl
      Another area where chia seeds shine is in their high amount of antioxidants (3, 4).
      These antioxidants protect the sensitive fats in the seeds from going rancid (5).
      Although antioxidant supplements are not very effective, getting antioxidants from foods can have positive effects on health (6).
      Most importantly, antioxidants fight the production of free radicals, which can damage molecules in cells and contribute to ageing and diseases like cancer (7, 8).
      There are some claims online about chia seeds having more antioxidants than blueberries, but I was unable find a study to verify this claim.
      Bottom Line: Chia seeds are high in antioxidants that help to protect the delicate fats in the seeds. They also have various benefits for health.

      3. Almost All The Carbs in Them Are Fiber

      Wooden Spoon With Chia Seeds
      Looking at the nutrition profile of chia seeds, you see that an ounce has 12 grams of “carbohydrate.”
      However… 11 of those grams are fiber, which isn’t digested by the body.
      Fiber doesn’t raise blood sugar, doesn’t require insulin to be disposed of and therefore shouldn’t count as a carb.
      The true carb content is only 1 gram per ounce, which is very low. This makes chia a low-carb friendly food.
      Because of all the fiber, chia seeds can absorb up to 10-12 times their weight in water, becoming gel-like and expanding in your stomach (9).
      Theoretically, this should increase fullness, slow absorption of your food and help you automatically eat fewer calories.
      Fiber also feeds the friendly bacteria in the intestine, which is important because keeping your gut bugs well fed is absolutely crucial for health (10).
      Chia seeds are 40% fiber, by weight. This makes them one of the best sources of fiber in the world.
      Bottom Line: Almost all of the carbohydrates in chia seeds are fiber. This gives them the ability to absorb 10-12 times their weight in water. Fiber also has various beneficial effects on health.

      4. Chia Seeds Are High in Quality Protein

      A Pile of Chia Seeds
      Chia seeds contain a decent amount of protein.
      By weight, they are about 14% protein, which is very high compared to most plants.
      They also contain a good balance of essential amino acids, so our bodies should be able to make use of the protein in them (11, 12).
      Protein has all sorts of benefits for health. It is also the most weight loss friendly nutrient in the diet, by far.
      A high protein intake reduces appetite and has been shown to reduce obsessive thoughts about food by 60% and the desire for night time snacking by 50% (13, 14).
      Chia seeds really are an excellent protein source, especially for people who eat little or no animal products.
      Bottom Line: Chia seeds are high in quality protein, much higher than most plant foods. Protein is the most weight loss friendly macronutrient and can drastically reduce appetite and cravings.

      5. Due to The High Fiber and Protein Content, Chia Seeds Should be Able to Help You Lose Weight

      Overweight Woman Holding a Scale With Thumbs up
      Many health experts believe that chia seeds can help with weight loss.
      The fiber absorbs large amounts of water and expands in the stomach, which should increase fullness and slow the absorption of food (15).
      There have been several studies on glucomannan, a fiber that works in a similar way, showing that it can lead to weight loss (16, 17).
      Then the protein in chia seeds could help to reduce appetite and food intake.
      Unfortunately, when the effects of chia seeds on weight loss have been studied, the results have been rather disappointing.
      Although one study showed that chia seeds can reduce appetite, there was no significant effect on body weight (18).
      In a study on 90 overweight people, 50 grams of chia seeds per day for 12 weeks had no effect on body weight or health markers (19).
      In another 10 week study of 62 women, chia seeds had no effect on bodyweight but did increase the amount of Omega-3s in the blood (20).
      Although just adding chia seeds to your diet is unlikely to affect your weight, I personally believe that they can be a useful addition.
      A weight loss diet is about more than just adding or subtracting single foods. The entire diet counts, as well as other lifestyle behaviors like sleep and exercise.
      When combined with a real food based diet and a healthy lifestyle, I can definitely see how chia seeds could help with weight loss.
      Bottom Line: Chia seeds are high in protein and fiber, both of which have been shown to aid weight loss. However, the studies on chia seeds have not noted any effects on weight.

      6. Chia Seeds Are High in Omega-3 Fatty Acids

      Like flax seeds, chia seeds are very high in Omega-3 fatty acids.
      The Word Chia Spelled With Chia Seeds
      In fact, chia seeds contain more Omega-3s than salmon, gram for gram.
      However… it’s important to keep in mind that the Omega-3s in them are mostly ALA (Alpha Linolenic Acid), which is not as beneficial as you may think.
      ALA needs to converted into the “active” forms, EPA and DHA, before it can be used by the body.
      Unfortunately, humans are inefficient at converting ALA into the active forms. Therefore, plant Omega-3s tend to be vastly inferior to animal sources like fish (21).
      Studies have shown that chia seeds (especially if they are milled) can increase blood levels of ALA and EPA, but not DHA… which is a problem (20, 22)
      Because they don’t supply any DHA (the most important Omega-3 fat), I think chia seeds are overrated as an Omega-3 source.
      In order to get the DHA your body and brain desperately need… either eat fatty fish regularly, take fish oil, or take a DHA supplement if you are vegan or vegetarian.
      Bottom Line: Chia seeds are very high in the Omega-3 fatty acid ALA. However, humans are not good at converting this into DHA, the most important Omega-3 fatty acid.

      7. Chia Seeds May Improve Certain Blood Markers, Which Should Lower The Risk of Heart Disease and Type 2 Diabetes

      Chia Seeds in a Heart Shaped Bowl
      Given that chia seeds are high in fiber, protein and Omega-3s, they should be able to improve metabolic health.
      This has been tested in several studies, but the results have been inconclusive.
      In two studies, a diet with chia seeds, soy protein, oats and nopal, has been shown to lower LDL cholesterol and triglycerides, increase HDL cholesterol and reduce inflammation (23, 24).
      Because these studies also used other ingredients, nothing can be concluded about the chia seeds themselves.
      Rat studies have also shown that chia seeds can lower triglycerides, raise HDL (the “good”) cholesterol and reduce inflammation, insulin resistance and belly fat (25, 26).
      However, a study that looked at just chia seeds did not note any improvements (20).
      Overall… it is possible that chia seeds can improve these risk factors, but probably won’t have a major effect unless followed by other beneficial changes in the diet.
      Bottom Line: The effects on cholesterol levels and other risk factors is inconclusive. Some studies show an effect, others do not.

      8. They Are High in Many Important Bone Nutrients

      Smiling Elderly Woman
      Chia seeds are high in several nutrients that are important for bone health.
      This includes calcium, phosphorus, magnesium and protein.
      The calcium content is particularly impressive… 18% of the RDA in a single ounce.
      Gram for gram, this is higher than most dairy products.
      Chia seeds may be considered an excellent source of calcium for people who don’t eat dairy.
      Bottom Line: Chia seeds are high in calcium, magnesium, phosphorus and protein. All of these nutrients are essential for bone health.

      9. Chia Seeds Can Cause Major Improvements in Type 2 Diabetics

      White Bowl Full of Chia Seeds
      The most successful application of chia seeds to date was in a study on type 2 diabetic patients
      In this study, 20 diabetic patients received either 37 grams of chia seeds, or 37 grams of wheat bran, for 12 weeks (27).
      When they got the chia seeds, they saw improvements in several important health markers.
      Blood pressure went down by 3-6 mm/Hg and an inflammatory marker called hs-CRP went down by 40%. A risk factor called vWF also decreased by 21%.
      There was also a small drop in blood sugar, but it wasn’t statistically significant.
      Given that chia seeds are high in fiber, it does seem plausible that they could help reduce blood sugar spikes after meals, but this needs to be confirmed in studies.
      Bottom Line: A study in type 2 diabetics showed that chia seeds can significantly lower blood pressure and a marker for inflammation.

      10. Chia Seeds Can Improve Exercise Performance as Much as a Sports Drink

      Man With Sports Drink
      Legend has it that the Aztecs and Mayans used chia seeds to fuel performance back in the day.
      There is one recent study suggesting that this may be effective…
      In this study, 6 participants “carb loaded” with either gatorade, or a mix of half gatorade/half chia seeds (28).
      Then they ran for an hour on a treadmill, followed by a timed 10 kilometer long run.
      There was no difference between the two groups.
      In other words, replacing half of the gatorade with chia seeds did not reduce the performance of the athletes, indicating that chia seeds were of some use.
      According to this study, chia seeds can help athletes “carb load” for endurance events, while increasing their intake of nutrients and decreasing their intake of sugar.
      However, I’d personally like to see some larger studies on this. Given that most of the carbs in chia seeds are fiber, it doesn’t make much sense that they could be used for carb loading.
      Bottom Line: One small study shows that chia seeds can partly replace gatorade as a way of carb loading for endurance athletes, but this needs to be studied more.

      11. Chia Seeds Are Easy to Incorporate Into Your Diet

      Chia Seed Pudding
      Okay, this last one is not a health benefit, but important nonetheless.
      Chia seeds are incredibly easy to incorporate into your diet.
      The seeds themselves taste rather bland, so you can add them to pretty much anything.
      They also don’t need to be ground like flax seeds, which makes them much easier to prepare.
      They can be eaten raw, soaked in juice, added to porridges and puddings, or added to baked goods.
      You can also sprinkle them on top of cereal, yogurt, vegetables or rice dishes.
      Because of their ability to absorb both water and fat, they can be used to thicken sauces and even used as egg substitutes in recipes.
      They can also be mixed with water and turned into a gel.
      Adding chia seeds to recipes will dramatically boost the nutritional value.
      They do also seem to be well tolerated… but if you’re not used to eating a lot of fiber, then there is a possibility of digestive side effects if you eat too much at a time.
      A common dosage recommendation is 20 grams (about 1.5 tablespoons) of chia seeds, twice per day.

      12. Anything Else?

      Chia seeds are among the few trendy “superfoods” that are actually worthy of that term.